Improvement in broom-machines



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C. E. LIPE. BROOM-MAHINE. No.18 9,240. Patented Apr1`1s,`1877.

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Enom-MACHINE. No.189,240, Patented Apri-13, 1877.

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BRGOM-MACHINE. No 189,240, Patented AprlS, 1877.

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' Y ATToRNEy Srafrns .erreur @Errea CHARLES E. LlPE, OF ILION, ASSIGNOROF TWO-THIRDS OF HIS RIGHT TO EDWARD D. BRONSON, OF AMSTERDAM, ANDALPHONSO WALRATH,

OF FOR'I.` PLAIN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BROONl-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189,240, datedApi-i125, 1&'77; application h'led March 10, 1877.

To all whom, it may conce-rn:

Be it known that I, OHARLEs E. LIPE, of Ilion, in the county of Herkimerand State of New York, haveinvented a new and valuable lmprovementinBrooln-SewingMaehines; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part ofthis specification, and to the letters and gures of reference markedthereon.

Figure 1 ofthe drawings is a representation of a side elevation of mybroom-sewing ma'- chine, and Fig. 2 a plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a front view thereof. Fig. 4 is aperspeetive detail view.Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1]., 12, and 13 are detail views of my machine.Figs. let and 15 are sectional views of the needle. Figs. 16, 17, and 1Sare views of a modification of the needle. Figs. 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23are also detail views of my broomsewing machine. j

The chief object of this invent-ion is to provide mechanism for sewingbrooms by an operation similar to the method of hand-sewing nowgenerally practiced.

. anism for passing through the broom the needle and so'mnch ofthethread as is needed for the stitch; fourth, certain take-up mechanismfor drawing through the broom the surplus thread which is to be used insucceeding stitches; tfth, feeding devices for .giving the propermotions to the broom after each stitch; sixth, mechanism forautomatically stopping the ma chine at the completion of the stitchingof each band; seventh, mechanism for changing the position of the broom,so as to presentin suecession the several bands to the sewing mechanism.

In the accompanying drawings, A designates the supporting-frame of mymachine, and B the bed or table upheld thereby. The front standards-.A Aof said frame A are extended obliquely upward and forward, and bearingsa a are formed on their upper ends for the shaft O of the take-upmechanism, hereinafter described, which shaft isparallel to the frontline of table B. One of said standards is also provided with anadditional bearing, a', for one end of driving-shaft D, which isparallel to one end of said bed or table B. and turns in bearings b b,raised above the latter.

rlhe middle part of saidA bed or table Bis recessed from the frontinward at B,'tol leave room for moving the broom while the latter isundergoing stitching. On eachA side of the entrance to 'this recess orspace Bl a liange, B2, is raised along the front of said bedor table,and back from said dan ges B2, and along the sides of said recess B',extend two guidebloeks, B3, which are formed on the top of said bed ortable, and suitably channeled on their inner faces.

1n these guides slides a broom carriage E,

which is adjusted forward and backward by means of a horizontalleve`r,'F, which is pivoted thereto at its'middle, and also pivoted byone end to the end of a horizontal elbow-lever, F1. On the rear part ofsaid sliding broomcarriage are formed two raised blocks, F2, providedwithdetachable inner pieces F3, one being shown 1n detail in Fig. 7,which have on their faces concavities fj', that, together, constitute asocket for a ball, G1, formed on a hollow broom-holding spindle, G. Saidspindle is provided at its upper end with a broomholding vise, X. Thejaws of said vise are of proper form to give the required shape to thebroom, and one of them (marked G2) is made in one piece with saidspindle, and provided.

with rigid lian ges g g, between which the other jaw, G3, sets when thesaid vise is closed upon the broom. The lower end of said jaw Gr3 ispivoted between said flanges g g, and the upper part of the said jawG3is provided withflanges This closing of said vice is effected by twoclosing-levers, Il H, which arepivoted by their middle parts, so as towork toward and from each other in slots in the bed or table B. Thelower ends of said levers are connected by upwardly and .inwardlyconverging links or toggle-arms h h, the upper ends of which arepivotally attached to an upwardly-extendingv arm of a treadle, H', whichis pivoted at its rear to one of the rear standards of supporting-frameA. Springs hl hlconnectthe upper ends ot' said links or toggle-arms 71,h with said closing-levers H H. By depressing the free end of saidtreadle the curved upper ends of said closing-levers are forced togetherlike a. pair of jaws, closing the vise. When the pressure is removedtherefrom, springs h1 11.1 draw the lower ends of said levers together,sprhadingfthe upper ends thereof, so as to leave 'sufficient' room forthe said vise to turn therein. j

Instead of the visecl`osin`g mechanism above described, the`tollowilnfg. modification (shown f' in Fig. 22) 'may be employedVise-closing levers H il are ,extended down below said treadle H',theirlower ends being formed each` into two inclines, h2 and h3, theformer being gnlte abrl1 pt,`the`latter much more gradual. lhese lnchnesare inward and downward, and

`those oneach lever correspond to those on theV other. Treadle H1 isprovided with rollers h4 h4, which bearagainst the inside of said 1e-`vers. When said rollers press against the up- Der inclines h2 the upperends of said closing-` `levers are brought quickly toward one another,

into the position where the greatestpressure is required. `The actionot' rollers 11,4 h4 against` the less abrupt inclines hf h3 applies this"pressure gradually but effective] y.

When the broom G4 is held in the vise above described the band or bandsare wound about the brush part of it by means of the following de-vlees;,On the lower end of broomholding spindle G is formed a bevel-pinion,G5, which meshes witha bevel-gear wheel, G6, on a small shaft, G7,journaled inbearings attached to the under side ot' bed or table B.

This small shaft G'I is rotated by means of cordst: fi, which extend,respectively, to treadles l1, pivoted to the rear part of supporting,-trahie A. The arrangement of said parts is suchythat when one of saidtreadles is depressed the broom is rotated in one di- "rection, when theother treadle is depressed the broom is rotated in the other direction.``No springs are required, as the de!l pression ot each treadle sufficesto raise the other. rlhe thread forming the band is rst passed throughthe broom, and then wound around 1t by the above-described rotation of,the latter. `It is then drawn through again and broken. off.

The band being on the broom, it next be-` comes necessary to sew it toits place. To accomplish this it is necessary to withdraw a catch, G8,which holds spindle G in an upright y position, and to turn said spindleforward and downward into a horizontal position, ball G1 and its socketbeing the pivot. This pivotal point is also the center ofthe circle oflwhich the curved lines of the stitches form a part. rI he jaws G2 G3are provided on top with oblique lugs g2 g2, which `alternatewithopenings or indentations g3 g3, which form passageways for theneedle J to penetrate said broom G4. Said needle is double-pointed,being threaded in the center through eye j, and perforated near each endat j' j. rEhe sides of said needle are longitudinally grooved, to letthe thread lie along them as said needle is drawn backward and forwardthrough the broom.

The said needle is operated by the following devices: 0n the tops ot'anges B2 are guideways K, in which run needle-carriers L. Each of theseneedle-carriersconsists, first, of a metal slide, l, onithe inner end ofwhich is a needle-case, 1,pp onyits inner end to receive theneedle.alreadydescribed. At the rear ot' this case are raised lugs 1.4,between which a needle-holding bar, L', is pivoted. On the bottom of thefront or inner end of said bar L is a stud or tooth, Z3, which isadapted to work down through a perforation, Z4, in needle-case Z4, andthrough one of the perforationsj in needle J, when the said perforations14j are made to"register. This occurs whenever the said needle isshifted from one carrier to another, and the correspondence of the saidmotions iseit'ected, as follows:

A double crank, M, on the main shaft D, already described, operates abent connect' ing rod or bar, M1, which is pivotally attached at itsother end to a large U-shaped yoke, M2, which is guided at the bottombya guide, m, supported by a frame, A. The upper ends'of said yoke areprovided with guide-blocks lm1, which extend over guideways K, and ontop of which are small shoulders m2, each end having a guide-block andshoulder. Each of said ends has also a. rearwardly-extendingflat-hottomed stud or bar, M3. This stud or bar slides over the top ofneedle-holding bar L'` The 'latter is supported `at its outer end by aT- shaped casting; M4, which has its long arm rigidly attached to saidneedle-holding bar and its short arms vertical. Attached to or formed onthe lowest part ofsaid casting is a pin or stud, m3, which ridesbackward and forward upon one ot' the flanges of guideway K. When inthis position,` casting M4 and the outer end of bar L are tipped up, soas to force tooth l3 downward y throughone of theperforations j inneedle J, and hold it there until said stud or pin m3 slides down intoan oblique slot, m4, in the rear ange of guideway K. This slot extendsdownward and toward the broom G4, and is guarded by a. slottedplate,`M-, which is set into said guideway, and has a hook orstop-piece, m5, that prevents the stud m3 from passing beyond it.

The outer end of needle-holdin g bar L does not extend quite to thevertical part ot' casting M4, so that there is a small space, m6, be#`asma-'1o e tween them. When fiat-bottomed stud or bar M3 begins to moveAforward, it rests in this space m6, and it is pressed againstl the rearend of bar L by the forward movement of yoke M2, so as to move inwardwith it the entire needle-carrier L; but when stud m3 strikes againstthe incline of stop-piece m5, and passes down into the slot m4, the saidstud passes out ot' said recess upon the falling outer end of bar 4 L',and moves forward over the same independently of said carrier. Thefalling of said outer end ot' said needle-holding bar L' releases theneedle; and said bar is held out of accidental engagement withthelat-ter by the pressure of said stud or bar M4, carried by yoke M2upon the rear end of said bar. hle so held, the projecting edge ot' saidbar rests upon shoulder m2, already described.

As both the needle-carriers and their attachments are constructedcorrespondingly in every respect, and as the operation of the yoke M2and its appurtenances is the same upon both, it follows that thereciprocatory motion of said yoke will operate said carriersalternately; and the above-described devices cause the empty carrier toremain open until the needle is presented thereto, while the carrierholding' the needle is not allowed to relinquish the same. All this iseffected by positive pressure. The operation is similar to that ot' apair of hands drawing the double-ended needle to and fro through thebroom.

To remove the needle from the machine,

slide the carrier holding it back until the stud m3 is over recess m7 inone of the flanges of guideway K. Then force down said stud into saidrecess against the resistance of a springpressed rod, m8, whichordinarily iills the same. There will then be no obstacle to thewithdrawal of the needle.

On the inner end ot' each guideway K is a bent thread-guide, B3, whichhas its surfaces rounded, so as not to cut the thread While the latteris being fed to the needle.

In sewing the bands to the broom it is necessary to make the needle passthrough the latter alternately on opposite -sides of the band. Toaccomplish this l give the broom a forward-and-backward reciproeatorymotion by means of the following devices: 0n main shalt D is a wheel ordisk, N, having lon its rear face a cam-groove, N1, 'which engages witha stud, n, on the upper end of an upright bar, N2, that is pivotedat itslower end to a bracket, a', secured to frame A, and thereby gives inwardand outward oscillation to the same. This motion is communicated, bymeans of a connecting-bar, P, to elbow-lever F1, already1 described. Themovement of this elbow-lever rocks the lever F .backward and forward,and thus causes broom-carriage E to similarly reciprocate within itsguides. The other end of said lever is provlded with a tooth or catch,f1, which sets into one of a series of notches, fzf", in a block ornotch-plate, F4, upon bed or table B. Said tooth or catch f l thenconstitutes the fulcrum for said lever F. This lever may also be used toadjust said carriage forward or 'backward the' distance betweenthe bandswhen it is desired-to sew f more than one band upon the broom. In thiscase the lever F is shifted from one of said notches f1 f2 to one of theothers, the end connected with elbow-lever F1 being then the fulcrumend.

To allow the sewing ot' a second band, the detachable jaw ot' thebroom-holding vise is provided with a hinged block,'0, to which twocurved bars, O1, are pivoted. Said bars are provided on top withindentations 02, to allow the passage of the needle, said indentationsbeing arranged like those on the vise. Said bars may be turned againstthe sides of the broom, and fastened by a catch or hook, o.

They are then in position for the broom to be sewed. When not needed,they may be'turned backward. Block O is then turned downward, and barsO1 are caught under suitable plates or catches o on the sides of thesaid broom-holding vise.-y As many of said pairs of bars are employed asthe number of bands on the broom in excess of one.

The said broom held in said vise is automatically raised throughl thespace between the guideways K K by means of the following devices, inorder to enable the needle to sew the broom entirely across from edge toedge. To the upper end of pivoted bar NZ is clamped av small horizontalshank, ql, bearing at its inner end a ball, q, which turns in a socketin a sleeve, Q', rigidly secured on a pitman or operating rod, Q. Theother end ot' said pitman Q (shown in detail in Fig. l1) is providedwith another ball, q2, which slips into a sleeve or tube, l', formed ona U-shaped broomrocker, It.' Said rocker R receives the broomholdingspindle when the latter is turned forward and downward, as shown. Sleeveor tube R is at right angles to pitman Q, and the end of said sleeve isclosed by a detachable plug, i'. a side opening, r', allowing therequisite play. Ou the sides of the broomholding vise already describedare two racks or series ot' ratchet-teeth, S S1, one on each side. Theseratchet-teeth are adapted to engage with curved pawls S2 S4, Figs. 9 and12, which work through corresponding channels in guide-blocks S3,carried on the front part ol' broom-carriage E. These pawls are pressedinto such engagement'by springs S5, one ot' which is shown in Fig. l0.They are also connected, by rods s s, to a yoke, t, which is attached toa treadle, T, pivoted to fran e A. By depressing said treadle said pawlsare ldrawn within blocks S3, and the. broom-holding'vise is thus allowedto descend to its. lowest position. pawls to act independently ot eachother, as required in the operationl hereinafter described. v

The upper end of each pawl has a horizontal movement, while the lowerend thereof has a vertical one. By this method ot' construction they arewell adapted to be cou- The said yoke allows the said trollcd by thefoot-treadle without the use of intermediate pieces to change thedirection of the motion. These pawls perform a double oce, and actalternately. They support the broom as close as possible to the pointwhere the thrust of the needle is received, and, together with theratchets on the side of the broom-holder, form the vertical feed. Thepeculiar action of the feed,wherein the weight ofthe broom andbroonrholder is taken advantage of, is as follows: It will be observedthat the broom is always in a slanting position when the stitch is made,as shown in Fig. 12. Suppose the needle and thread to have passedthrough the broom in the direction of the arrow, the broom beingsupported by pawl S2 on one side of said broom. The broom now begins toturn in the opposite direction; but

the opposite pawl and ratchet prevent that side from being depressed,and the weight is transferred to said opposite pawl, S4, which acts as afulcrum to elevate another ratchet above pawl S2, the broom beingvirtually revolved about the point of the pawl. The needle will nowenter the broom at the same point where it left the latter, but willproceed in an opposite diagonal direction th rough said broom, as shownin Fig. l2, and emerge at a point the length of a stitch from where itentered on that side. `As the broom is again ref versed,pawl S2 againacts as a fulcrnm, the opposite side of said broom is elevated, and theneedle proceeds as before.

The shape of rockerR allows the broomholding spindle to move freelyupward on its pivot during said feeding operation, without passingbeyond reach of said rocker. The broom is always presented to the needleat the same angle, which would not be possible if said rocker interferedwith its motion.

On` the side of the broom-holding vise, at

that part thereof which is the top when the` .same is turned-down forsewing, is a lng or projection, T1, which engages with a pivoted ,pawlor arm, T2, on a shiftinglever, U, when said broom has been sewedentirely across. Said lever is pivoted toA one of the` blocks S3, andits lower end engages with a shifting-bar, U1, either. directly orthrough a slotted attachment, u. 'lhe otherl end of said bar has in it acam-groove, a', which vibrates transversely a lever, U2, pivoted bythe'middle in r)She upper end of said le.

a slot in frame A. ver shifts a clntchfcollar, U3, feathered ondriving-shaft D, so as to engage the same with a corresponding toothedclutch formed on the side of loose driving-wheel V whenever lever "2 isthrown forward 5, but when projection T1 forces the upper end of saidlever backward, as stated, clutch U3 is thrown out ofengagcment withsaid driving-wheel, and the latter revolves freely without operating anypart of the machine.

Pawl or arm '.[2 will yield when struck by.

the vise, as the latter rocks away from it, so as not to interfere withthe motion of said vlse.

To prevent the broom-support R from being strained by the thrust of theneedle against the broom, stops Vl Vl are fixed to the inner sides ot'blocks S2 S3. These stops brace the vise against the thrust of theneedle from whichever side it comes.

As different vises may be used with this machine, having their passagesfor the needle arranged at differentintervals, it becomes necessary tovary correspondingly the throw of pitman Q. To accomplish this thepivotbar N2 is slotted vertically near its upper end, so that shank q1may be slipped `up or down in said slot, and clamped at any point b'ymeans of nuts and washers, or any suitable means of attachment.

The loose thread carried by the needle is drawn through the broom bymeans of takeup arms V2 V2, carried by shaft C, which is turned bydriving-shaft D, by means of a bevel-gear connection, D. Said arms havehooks c2 at their ends for catching the thread, and they operatealternately through the thread-guides B3 on each side of the broom.

The needle J is providedlwith a spring-ten sion, consisting of a movableblock, y, which is pressed by a spring, y1, against the thread as itpasses through the eye j. A part of the necdle is recessed to receivethe spring and block within it. The construction of said needle is shownin Fig. 14.

A modification of said needle and tension is shown in Figs. 16, 17, and1S, in which a flat spring, y2, is employed, pressing upon the thread.Fig. 16 shows a further modification, in which the points of the needleare beveled 'more on one side than on the other, the predominant bevelbeing on opposite sides ofthe respective points.

Various other modifications maybe made of the different parts of myapparatus without departing from the spirit of my invention.

It will be observed that the broom has three distinct motions afterleach passage ot' the needle: first, a short longitudinal mo-` tion;second, a rocking motion; third, a vertical motion. These motions areall simultaneous, and are all essential to the proper presentation ofthebroom for the next stitch.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isi l. ln abroom-sewing machine, a rocking broom-holding vise provided withalternating ratchet-teeth on its sides, in combination with verticallyand horizontally movable pawls, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. A broom -holding vise, in combination with devices whereby theoscillation ot' said vise causes the same to climb upward step by step,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a broom-sewing machine, a moving broom-holding vise, incombination with shifting mechanism, whereby, when the sewing iscompleted, the driving-wheel is thrown out of gear, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

4. In a broom-sewing machine, a broomholding vise provided with a`tripping-lug, in combination with a clutch-shifting lever having apivoted pawl or arm, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a broom-sewing machine, a shaft having two rotary take-up arms,that operate alternately on each side of the broom, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

6. In a broom-sewing machine, thc combination of two needle-carrierswith a doublepointed needle, each of said needle-carriers being providedwith a tooth that catches into a perforation in said needle,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7 The combination, with a guideway having an oblique slot andstop-piece, of a needlecarrier having .a hinged needle-holding bar, anda stud adapted to engage with said stop and slot, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

8. The combination of a sliding needle-carrier, having a pivotedneedle-holding bar and a recess behind the same, with a yoke,.oper atedby the driving-shaft, said yoke having a pressure stud or arm,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of pawls S2 with a treadle and suitable connections,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. Blocks S3, provided on the inside with studs or blocks, for bracingagainst the thrust of the needle, in combination with rocker R andbroom-holding vise, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination of a camgrooved disk or wheel with a system oflevers and a broomcarriage, whereby a rapid intermittent backward andforward motion is given to the broom, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

12. The combination, with the broom-carriage, of a lever, either end ofwhich may be made the fulcrum at will, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

with mechanism for rotating the same, sub-v stantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

19. A broom vise, in combination with clasps for holding together itstwo parts or jaws when released from the pressure of the closing-levers,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

20. In a broom-sewing machine, a broomholding vise, in combination witha carrier, the two being connected by a universal joint, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

21. In a broom-sewing` machine, a broomholding vise provided. withdouble-hinged supplemental clamps, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

22. A double-pointed needle provided with an inserted tension-spring,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

23. The combination of a driving-shaft with a take-upl shaft at rightangles thereto, the two being connected by suitable gearing,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

24. The combination of a connecting-yoke with two needle-carriers, whichare alternately opened and closed thereby, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

25. The combination of a connecting-yoke with two needle-carriers, whichare alternately moved inward and outward thereby, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

28. In a broom-sewing machine, a rockingbroom-holding vise, incombination with two revolving take-up arms.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my namein the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. LIPE.

Witnesses: v

(l. H. MCEWEN, EUGENE W; JoHNsoN.

